Babhadiashar, N., Sotoudeh, M., Azizi, E., Bashiri, J., Didevar, R., Malekzadeh, R., Ghahremani, M. (2014). Correlation between Cigarette Smoking and Urine Cotinine Level in Gastric Cancer Patients. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(1), 313-318.
Nima Babhadiashar; Masoud Sotoudeh; Ebrahim Azizi; Jafar Bashiri; Reza Didevar; Reza Malekzadeh; Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani. "Correlation between Cigarette Smoking and Urine Cotinine Level in Gastric Cancer Patients". Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13, 1, 2014, 313-318.
Babhadiashar, N., Sotoudeh, M., Azizi, E., Bashiri, J., Didevar, R., Malekzadeh, R., Ghahremani, M. (2014). 'Correlation between Cigarette Smoking and Urine Cotinine Level in Gastric Cancer Patients', Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(1), pp. 313-318.
Babhadiashar, N., Sotoudeh, M., Azizi, E., Bashiri, J., Didevar, R., Malekzadeh, R., Ghahremani, M. Correlation between Cigarette Smoking and Urine Cotinine Level in Gastric Cancer Patients. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2014; 13(1): 313-318.
Correlation between Cigarette Smoking and Urine Cotinine Level in Gastric Cancer Patients
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
21- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4Department of pathology Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract
Various substances in cigarette smoke including nicotine have been shown to promote/induce cancer cell proliferation. Since cotinine has a longer half life and stability in the blood, it has become the preferred biomarker for cigarette smoking exposure. Seventy-three gastric cancer patients were included in this study. The tumor tissues were stained with H and E for pathological evaluation. The cotinine levels were measured in urine using a competitive ELISA. Tumors were 90% adenocarcinoma with 63% intestinal and 37% diffuse subtypes. Tumors were poorly (45.2%) or moderately differentiated (41.1%) and localized mainly (77%) in the upper part of stomach. The levels of cotinine were significantly different between smoker (283.83 ± 178.10 ng/mL) and non-smoker (39.28 ± 113.34 ng/mL) groups (p < 0.001). However, there is no-significant correlation between tumor characteristics and cotinine level in smoker patients. Cotinine level correlates with smoking in gastric patients, however, correlation with the tumor features has not been observed.
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