Neuroprotective Effect of Total and Sequential Extract of Scrophularia striata Boiss. in Rat Cerebellar Granule Neurons Following Glutamate- Induced Neurotoxicity: An In-vitro Study

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian, Iran.

3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4 Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmacy of Medicinal Plant Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.

5 Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Neuroprotective effect of the extract from aerial parts of Scrophularia striata Boiss
(Scrophulariaceae) was investigated against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity on cultured rat pups
Cerebellar Granule Neurons (CGNs). CGNs from 8 days old Sprague-Dawley rat were prepared
and cultured. The experiments were performed after 8 days in culture. The plant was collected from
the northeastern part (Ruin region) of Iran and air-dried at room temperature. The total extract was
prepared with maceration of prepared powder in ethanol 80% for three times. Sequential extracts
were obtained using dried and powdered aerial parts with increasingly polar solvents: petroleum
ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol 80% solution. Cultured cells were exposed to 125
μM of glutamate for 12 h following a 24 h of incubation with test fractions at concentration
of 10 mcg/mL. Morphological assay was performed using invert light microscope after fixation
and staining with haematoxylin. Neuronal viability was measured using MTT assay. Statistical
analysis was done using SPSS software. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed
by Tukey post-hoc test. Values were considered statistically significant when p-value ≤ 0.05.
Results of this study showed a significant neuroprotective activity of high polarity methanolic
fraction of aerial parts of Scrophularia striata against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in a dosedependent
manner. Treatment with 10 mcg/mL of the fractions showed the best result.

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Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
Spring 2013
Pages 389-394

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